As religious explanation of the universe is gradually substituted by rational scientific explanations and various group activities (such as politics, education, art and music) have been increasingly transferred from ecclesiastical to civil and other non-religious agencies, the conception of God as a power over man and his society loses its importance. This leads to better job prospects and lifestyle. Religion creates diversities among people. And further religious people donate more money for charities. Religion, in fact, is not a mere process of mediations about man’s life; it is also a means of preserving the values of life. Most philosophers are non- believers of religion. Unfortunately the matter cannot be settled that easily. Religion, writes Marx, “is the ‘self-consciousness and self-feeling of man who either has not yet found himself or has already lost himself. As the individuals perform rituals collectively their devotion to group ends is enhanced. My spirits, I am guilty of freedom, I feel, there is a positive happiness and joy in my life there. My World Religion My World Religion. This is amply clear from his following observation: “The criticism of religion ends with the teaching that man is the highest essence of man, hence with the categorical imperative to overthrow all relations in which man is debased, enslaved abandoned…”. All the great religions of the world have attempted to regulate kinship relations, especially marriage and family. In the Indian context the word has very different meaning from its standard use in the English language. All the preliterate societies known to us have religion. In the 19 century, Brahmo Samaj again tried to simplify the complex nature of Brahmanic Hinduism. It is deeply related with conflicts. As for my religion, Christianity; the beliefs can be generally classified as a linear, whereas the faith traditions such as Buddhism and a few others can be classified as mainly cyclical. Copyright 10. As a result, his power and potentiality is undermined. While belief in supernatural powers may be considered basic to all religion, equally fundamental is the presence of a deeply emotional feeling which Golden Weiber called the “religion thrill”. Wars and battles have been fought in the name of religion. A rational world view rejects faith which is the basis of religion. An attitude makes a thing holy. However, this worldly outlook, rationality and secular education gradually affected various aspects of religion in India. But it should be noted that the diversity of religious sects and cults in modern societies demonstrates that religion has become an individual matter and not a dominant feature of social life. The most excellent example is of Sophism. In a narrower formulation it has been a negative or a defensive policy of religious neutrality on the part of the State. The first meaning becomes clear when people talk of secular trends in history or economics, or when they speak of secularizing the State. But a thing is holy or sacred not because of a peculiar quality of thing. Aiming for peace and loving other human beings is a good step towards a better world. Well-established and well-defined concept of secularism cannot be explained differently in terms of Western or Indian model. Religion results in inter-group conflicts by dividing people along religious lines. Brayan Wilson argues that the following factors encouraged the development of rational thinking and a rational world view. Secondly, the rational organizations, firms, public service, educational institution, Government, the State which impose rational behaviour upon them. Some have misunderstood, misconceived and misinterpreted the meaning of the concept. By distinguishing between holy and unholy things, religion creates sacred symbol for the values and this symbol becomes the rallying point for all persons who share the same values. Like other social institutions, religion also arose from the intellectual power of man in response to certain felt needs of men. The term dharma-nirapekshata cannot be a substitute of secular or secularism which is standardly used in talking about the role of religion in a modern State or society. It supports certain types of social conduct by placing the powerful sanctions of the supernatural behind them. For thousands of years, religion has exerted a great influence over economic and political life. Thirdly, the greater knowledge of social and physical world which results from the development of physical, biological and social sciences. Religion is ultimately reliant on belief in invisible beings, inaudible voices, ethereal entities, and events and judgments that occur after we die. The primary requirement of society is the common possession of social values by which individuals control the actions of self and others and through which society is perpetuated. Sticking to the three Cs makes a religion essay of any length more manageable. The physiological part expresses itself in such acts as kneeling, closing the eyes, touching the feet. It includes any kind of behavior (such as the wearing of special clothing and the immersion in certain rivers, in the Ganga for instance), prayers, hymns, creedal recitations, and other forms of reverence, usually performed with other people and in public. In the earlier phases of religion the primary needs of mankind were very much influenced by it. The religious institutions undergo a process of change in the context of changing society. 0 examples. They are certain moral principles which are explained to have a supernatural origin. Made with Love by. Action is not directed by religious beliefs. Magic supplied the roots of observation and experimentation from which science developed. Well, as a kid, that did not sound vital. Religion preserves traditions. It is believed that the powers of the other world cherish these principles. The core of every religion is an abstract thing. Children should obey their parents, should not tell a lie or cheat, women should be faithful to men; people should be honest and virtuous are some of the social values which maintain social cohesion. Let us know about different religions in the world: Hinduism: Hinduism is the most ancient religion of the world. All the preliterate societies known to us have religion. Sumner and Keller are of the opinion that religion often causes economic wastes. Religion can limit you to certain specific beliefs. The second root is Lig, meaning ‘to bind’. Your respect for my religion is my example. As religious explanation of the universe is gradually substituted by rational scientific explanations and various group activities (politics, education, art and music) have been increasingly transferred from ecclesiastic to civil and other non-religious agencies, the conception of God as power over man and his society loses its importance. The term ‘secularisation’ has been used in different ways. Religion in this sense is the organisation of faith which binds human beings to their temporal and transcendental foundation. The Purpose Driven Life. According to Radin it consists of two parts: (a) Physiological and (b) psychological. Thus religion can help reduce violent conflict when you believe in religion and follow what it teaches you. Even if religion incites violence as seen by the various holy wars, it has the power to help us. Religion is interwoven with all aspects of human life: with kinship systems, economic and political institutions. Secularism is taken to mean that one’s religious ideals and beliefs should not interfere in general with social, economic and political field. For example, a good number of people in India prefer to take the advises of priests and religious leaders before starting some ventures. “The demand to give up the illusions about its condition is the demand to give up a condition which needs illusion”. Comparative Religion Essay Examples. As Christopher Dauson writes, “Whenever and wherever man has a sense of dependence on external powers which are conceived as mysterious and higher than man’s own, there is religion, and the feelings of awe and self-abasement with which man is filled in the presence of such powers is essentially a religious emotion, the root of worship and prayer.”, Arnold W. Green defines religion as “a system of beliefs and symbolic practices and objects, governed by faith rather than by knowledge, which relates man to an unseen supernatural realm beyond the known and beyond the controllable.”, According to Maclver and Page, “Religion, as we understand the term, implies a relationship not merely between man and man but also between man and some higher power.”, As Gillin and Gillin says, “The social field of religion may be regarded as including those emotionalized beliefs prevalent in a social group concurring the supernatural plus crest and behaviour, material objects and symbols associated with such beliefs.”. Marx’s sense of the matter is more profound. If there is any trend of decline in any aspect of religion mentioned above, then it is indicative of the process of secularisation. We use cookies to make sure you have the best experience on our website. are significant in unifying people. Secularism as an ideology has emerged from the dialectic of modern science and Protestantism, not from simple repudiation of religion and the rise of rationalism. They have emphasized sacrifice and forbearance. Man is the world of man, the state, and society. So, it is not a simple restatement of facts and beliefs. Religion is … Religion is an integral part of the life of modern society. Each religion defines certain acts as sinful and profane (unholy). Religion often makes its followers dependent on religious institutions and leaders. While most people consider religion as universal and therefore, a significant institution of societies. Content Filtrations 6. Categories . Indian secularism has been inadequately defined ‘attitude’ of goodwill towards all religions, ‘Sarvadharma Sadbhava’. Although the religion followed by people differs, majority of people are religious. The priests laid the foundations of medicine. (Orlando, 2017, pt.1). Islam is a vibrant religion … This sense of security of the individual has significance for the society. It means that religious beliefs and practices have tended to decline in modern urban, industrial societies, particularly among the working class in Western societies. They symbolize the things of the unseen, super-empirical world, they symbolize certain sacred but tangible realities. They have faith without reasoning which is blind. The masses and guide their activities for the benefit of the society rather than for the purpose of pleasing the God. India is a secular country where different religions are practiced by people. Social values and norms emanate from religious faith. Consistently, they told me that the beauty of life is experienced fully only by those who work hard. Take a closer look at religion that people follow. Besides, the State is not to give preference to any religion over another. Similar social conflict is evident in the case of birth control measures including abortion, in the Catholic world. For example, it tried to suppress the doctrines of Darwin, Huxley and others. This state, this society produce religion, a perverted world consciousness, because they are a perverted world. It is the opiate of the people.” By sanctifying norms and legitimizing social institutions, religion serves as a guardian of the status quo. Religion in America is subordinated to the American way of life. The sacred character of a tangible thing is not observable to the senses. Report a Violation, Religion: The Meaning and Functions of Religion, Family: The Meaning, Features, Types and Functions (5230 Words). Thus secularization, as Brayan Wilson has defined, refers to the process in which religious thinking, practice and institutions lose social significance. Although religion is an integrative force, it may be disruptive for the society as a whole. The history of the development of religion shows that as mankind moves from small isolated villages towards large, complex, urban, industrial society; the influence of religion on man and his life changes. The rituals we follow provide comfort. It can restrict your freedom. Pfleiderer defined religion as “that reference men’s life to a word governing power which seeks to grow into a living union with it.”. Religion helps people gain a social identity and live together in harmony. Even today religion is called upon to support rulers, contacts and other legal procedures. 2003. He claims that science not only explained many facts of life and the material environment in a way more satisfactory (than religion), but it also provided confirmation of its explanation in practical results. Hence, any violation of the acceptable norm is punishable not only by God but by society. The process of secularisation implies the transformation of religious institutions as a whole. But it does not develop an ability in them to assume individual responsibility. Change is the very essence of a living thing. It makes certain forms of social behaviour as offences not only against society but also against God. On God he puts faith and entertains the belief that some unseen power moves in mysterious ways to make even his loss meaningful. Religion acts as a unifying force and hence, promotes social integration in several ways. Hinduism gives sanction to the caste system which regulates social relations of various classes in India. Order now. It thus provides support for social standards, socially accepted behaviour. Religion is a fusion of cultural methods, beliefs and global perspectives that connect humanity to the existential order. Moreover, religion is about the presence of God who is controlling the entire world. Since religion helps man to forget the suffering, disappointments and sorrows in this life’, social dissatisfaction and social unrest become less frequent and the social system continues functioning. In the name of God and religion, loot, plundering, mass killing, rape and other cruel and inhuman treatments have been meted out to people. The first root is Leg, meaning “together, count or observe”. There are certain things which are regarded as holy or sacred. essay exchange link topic. As long as there are clear and commonly agreed referents for the world in the Indian context, we should go ahead and address ourselves to the specifically Indian meaning of secularism. Central to all religions is the concept of faith. Firstly, ascetic Protestantism, which created an ethic which was pragmatic, rational controlled and anti-emotional. There are even others who do not call them by any name. Religion refers to a belief in a divine entity or deity. Different people have different beliefs. Secularism as an ideology has emerged from the dialectic of modern science and Protestantism, not from a simple repudiation of religion and the rise of rationalism. Religion has been an integral part of humans ever since the early man learnt to survive and grow among adversity. Through unity with the infinite the self is made majestic and triumphant. If you continue to use this site, you consent to our use of cookies. When a Hindu worships a cow, he worships it not because of the kind of animal the cow is, but because of a host of super-empirical characteristics which this animal is imagined to represent. If you are interested in an essay on the development of Christian doctrine, or you would like to buy some essay paper, you can easily order it on our site. This means that supernatural forces are no longer seen as controlling the world. According to Thomas F. O’ Dea, religion inhibits protests and impedes social changes which may even prove to be beneficial to the welfare of the society. But this term is irrelevant in a democratic structure and it bears no application in reality because three principles are mentioned in the liberal-doctrine (Liberty which requires that the State, permits the practice of any religion, equality which requires that State not to give preference to any religion and the principle of neutrality). It leaves the impression that religion may be dislodged simply by new, rational belief. Some changes would certainly lead to positive reforms. Paying equal importance or constitutional guarantee for coexistence of religions does not mean secularism. Religion is the source of many superstitions. This can “impede a more functionally appropriate adaptation of society to changing conditions.”. ‘Secularisation’, in the words of Peter Berger, refers to ‘the process by which sectors of society and culture are removed from the domination of religious institutions and symbols. Anthropology (3225) Anthropology of Cities (9) Anthropology of Religion (52) Applied Anthropology (56) Archaeology (152) Cultural Anthropology (1864) Ethnography (80) Evolution and Human Origin (897) Essay is based off the book: Experiencing the World’s Religions, 6th edition, by Michael Molloy. It is said that man from the earliest times has been incurably religious. Religion is responsible for several humanitarian works. Religion may mean different things to the different people world over. Marx was an atheist as well as a great humanist. One of the two meanings is found by consulting any standard dictionary. Populated by an infinite amount of gods, th Failure to perform these acts is considered a sin. Religion in Western societies has tended to place less emphasis on dogma and more on social values. Religion is pre-eminently social and is found in nearly all societies. I. According to James G. Frazer considered religion as a belief in “Powers superior to man which are believed to direct and control the course of nature and of human life”. Buddhism for instance, came as a revolt against the Vedic ritual which was both complex and expensive, and also beyond the common man’s reach. Religion is the foundation upon which these values rest. It is the human response to those elements in the life and environment of mankind which are beyond their ordinary comprehension. Image Guidelines 5. People donate to charitable causes when they attend places of worship. Others regard religion as something very earthly and materialistic, designed to achieve practical ends. Common faith, values and norms etc. As a result there is a ‘secularisation of consciousness’. He had profound sympathy for all who look up to religion for salvation. Here is your essay on religion, it’s meaning, nature, role and other details! The Buddhist hopes to attain Salvation by being absorbed in the Godhead and entering Nirvana. Sumner and Keller asserted that, “Religion in history, from the earliest to very recent days, has not been a matter of morality at all but of rites, rituals, observance and ceremony”. Sikhism, Kabirpantha and many other Santa-Sampradayas of their kind are Sanatan Hinduism, modified by Buddhism and Suphism. It regulates the conduct of individuals by enforcing moral principles on them and by prescribing powerful sanctions against them for violation. I am proud of the way that I have grown in my religion and my faith. The priesthood often was dedicated to art and culture. Your email address will not be published. There are religion on essay in the middle ages many student writers need to change you. The short answer is this: it’s okay to discuss religion in your essay as long as the take-away (or values) promoted in the essay are universal. Many sociologists have been studying this area for a long time. This movement is sometimes referred to as secularization. Merely changing beliefs is not enough. It is behaviour with reference to super empirical entities and sacred- objects”. In this world man often suffers disappointment even in the midst of all hopes and achievements. Religion not only defines moral expectations for members of the religious group but usually enforces them. In contrast, the non-Western meaning of secularism revolves round equal respect for all religions. Religion attempts to search for a deeper meaning to life, to find facts about the universe, about the laws of nature; Religion has been in our flesh and blood since antiquity. Religious belief discourages people from taking up bad habits. The Christian has a redeemer in Christ who gave his life for man’s sins. Content Guidelines 2. It tries to understand human presence on the earth and the meaning for their existence. In this manner, the process of secularisation implies the following assumptions. It has shaped domestic, economic and political institutions. Thus, religion affects the creativity of man. Religion is the compendium of that world, its encyclopedic, its enthusiasm, its moral sanction, its solemn completion, its universal ground for consolation and justification. Type of paper: Essays Subject: Religion Words: 293. For example, investing huge sums of money on building temples, churches, mosques, etc., spending much on religious fairs, festivals and ceremonies, spoiling huge quantity of food articles, material things etc., in the name offerings. Secularisation involves reduction of religious influence on men, elimination of some aspects of it which are not beneficial to human welfare, elimination of superstitions and blind beliefs. However, if we consider politics as involving the recognition and reconciliation of opposing interests within a given unit of rule, and religion … The Hindu seeks release from the bondage of Karma, which is the joy or suffering he undergoes as a result of his actions in his life. Religion is an almost universal institution in human society. No doubt we are moving from religiosity to secular way of life. It is the ultimate source of social cohesion. While it is possible to define religion as belief in God or some super-natural powers, it is well to remember that there can also be a Godless religion as Buddhism. If politics is ‘the last refuge of scoundrels’, and religion, ‘the opium of the masses’, any nexus between the two is bound to spell doom. Religion has made people blind, dumb and deaf to the reality. It is the fantastic realization of the human essence because the human essence has no true reality. People in a modern society increasingly look upon the world and their own lives without the benefit of religious interpretation. Religious practices help in promoting well being in people. Here is your essay on religion, it’s meaning, nature, role and other details! It is held that India is not Europe and hence secularism in India cannot mean the same thing as it does in Europe. In this way religion promotes the welfare of individuals, groups and community. Even today, traditional Muslims face religio-ethical problems concerning interest-taking. Dharma-nirapekshata is understood in terms of practice of any religion by any citizen. Religion in each of these societies gave its members the courage needed for survival in an unfavourable environment, by giving explanations to certain aspects of the human conditions which could not be explained in a rational manner. Majumdar and Madan explain that the word religion has its origin in the Latin word Rel (I) igio. Essay On My Religion Christianity the whole work. In sociology, the word religion is used in a wider sense than that used in religious books. By relating the empirical world to the super-empirical world religion gives the individual a sense of security in this rapidly changing world. Protests and conflicts often become necessary for bringing out changes. As a matter of fact the forms in which religion expresses itself vary so much that it is difficult to agree upon a definition. It means that religious belief and practices have tended to decline. It preaches submission to the existing conditions and maintenance of status quo. The first root refers to belief in and practice of “signs of Divine Communication”. The cow as a sacred symbol of the Hindus, for example, is a rallying point which gives cohesion to Hindu society. Sacred things are symbols. Marx’s criticism of religion is thus deeply connected with the criticism of right and the criticism of politics. Religion serves to soothe the man in times of his suffering and disappointment. Essay on Buddhism& Religion These were the lines the Buddha was believed to have said before he passed away at 80 years old (Boeree, 1999) after founding a way of thinking that would One can have religion in one’s private life. Religion requires its followers to simply accept it, without solid evidence. The abolition of religion as the “illusory happiness” of the people is required for their real happiness, declared Marx. There is a list of pros and cons of teaching religion in public schools - stick to any of them and write a good argumentative essay based on two argumentative essay samples. There is higher chance of children passing high school. As Barnes has pointed out religion adapted to our changed conditions of life is worth preserving and it must seek to organise. And most significantly it gives a purpose for our existence. Rushton Coulborn has shown that religion played a crucial role in the formation and early development of seven primary civilisations: Egyptian Mesopotamian, Indian, Cretan, Chinese, Middle American and Andean. Your email address will not be published. He says that this knowledge is based on reason rather than faith. Secularism is related to rationalism and empiricism. But before religion can be abolished the conditions which nurture it must be done away with. As man’s knowledge of natural forces grows, he learns to control them by natural methods, that is, by a detailed scrutiny of their causes and conditions. Hence, there is also an element of censure for change. Losing My Religion. Works Cited. Definitely, it will be the latter but at an affordable price. My life has been a full one and it has been steeped in religion. Marx has strongly criticised religion. This secularism chalks out an area in public life where religion is not admitted. 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